New research from the University of Warwick suggests that the energy stored in electric vehicle (EV) batteries could be harnessed to power large buildings, without compromising the vehicles' performance. The key lies in a smart grid algorithm that manages vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology, allowing the grid to draw power from idle car batteries while simultaneously extending their lifespan by roughly 10 percent.
Over a two-year period, a team led by Dr. Kotub Uddin analyzed some of the most advanced lithium-ion batteries used in commercially available EVs worldwide. Their goal was to create a highly accurate public domain model of battery degradation, which they believe is the most precise to date. The researchers collected data on power fade over time and overall capacity under a wide range of conditions, including state of charge, temperature, and the depth and current of discharge.
Once the model was validated, Dr. Uddin used it to develop a smart grid algorithm. This algorithm calculates two things: the amount of energy each EV needs for its planned trips, and the amount of energy the grid can safely draw from the battery without causing harm. The system is designed to take only as much energy as will improve battery performance and longevity, ensuring that vehicles are never left without sufficient charge.
Balancing Grid Demand and Battery Health
The potential for V2G technology to support the electricity grid has been discussed for years, but the Warwick research addresses a critical barrier: the fear that frequent charging and discharging will degrade EV batteries. By precisely modeling degradation, the algorithm can determine the optimal energy draw that benefits both the grid and the battery.
The study's findings could be particularly relevant for commercial buildings with large parking facilities, where many EVs are parked for extended periods. Instead of sitting idle, these vehicles could act as distributed energy storage units, feeding power back into the building during peak demand times.
The research team's work is part of a broader effort to integrate renewable energy sources and improve grid stability. By enabling EVs to contribute to the energy mix without harming their own batteries, the smart grid approach could make electric vehicles more attractive to consumers and businesses alike.
The University of Warwick's contribution is a step toward practical implementation of V2G systems, though widespread adoption will require further testing and collaboration with grid operators and automakers. The model's public availability could also help other researchers and companies develop similar technologies.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed a smart grid algorithm that allows energy from idle electric vehicle batteries to power large buildings while also improving battery lifespan by about 10%. The system calculates how much energy can be safely drawn without damaging the batteries, based on a detailed model of battery degradation.
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